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Bohr's Social Security Issues Annotated
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From May 2002 Update

Summary of Arguments

I. Case Update

II. Case Survey

§ 100    SEQUENTIAL EVALUATION PROCESS
    § 101    DEFINITION OF DISABILITY
        § 101.1    Statutory Definition
        § 101.2    Purpose of the Social Security Act
        § 101.3    Claimant’s Burden to Prove Disability
        § 101.4    Evidence Considered in Determining Disability
        § 101.5    Duration of Impairments
        § 101.6    Childhood Disability Insurance Benefits

    § 102 STEP 1: SUBSTANTIAL GAINFUL ACTIVITY (SGA)
        § 102.1    Definition of SGA
        § 102.2    Part-time Work as SGA
        § 102.3    Illegal Activity as SGA
        § 102.4    Work Activity Which is an Unsuccessful Work Attempt
        § 102.5    Return to Work as Part of “Trial Work Period”
        § 102.6    Work Performed Under Special Conditions

    § 103 STEP 2: SEVERE IMPAIRMENT
        § 103.1    Definition of Severity
        § 103.2    Severity: Need to Consider Combined Effect of Impairments
        § 103.3    Severity: Need to Consider Subjective Symptoms
        § 103.4    Severity: ALJ’s Duty to List all Severe Impairments

    § 104 STEP 3: LISTED IMPAIRMENT
        § 104.1    Effect of Impairment Meeting or Equaling a Listing
        § 104.2    Meeting a Listing - General
        § 104.3    Use of Medical Expert Opinions in Evaluating Whether Listing is Met
        § 104.4    Medical Equivalence to a Listing - General
        § 104.5    Medical Equivalence to a Listing: ALJ’s Responsibility to Obtain Medical Expert Opinion
        § 104.6    Medical Equivalence to a Listing: Need to Consider Combined Effect of Impairments
        § 104.7    ALJ’s Duty to Discuss Whether Impairment(s) Meets/Equals a Listing

    § 105     RESIDUAL FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY (RFC)
        § 105.1    Definition of RFC
        § 105.2    Definition of Sedentary Work
        § 105.3    Definition of Light Work
        § 105.4    Definition of Medium Work
        § 105.5    Sit/Stand Option and its Impact on RFC
        § 105.6    RFC Forms
        § 105.7    RFC: Need to Consider All Impairments
        § 105.8    RFC: Need to Consider Effect of Mental Impairments
        § 105.9    Stress and its Effect on the Ability to Work
        § 105.10    Lack of an Updated or Any RFC Assessment in the Record
        § 105.11    RFC: Need to Consider Non-Medical Evidence
        § 105.12    RFC: Must be Supported by the Record
        § 105.13    Absenteeism and its Effect on Ability to work

    § 106     STEP 4: PAST RELEVANT WORK
        § 106.1    Claimant’s Burden to Establish Inability to Perform Past Relevant Work
        § 106.2    Past Relevant Work - General
        § 106.3    ALJ’s Duty to Make Findings Regarding Physical and Mental Demands of Past Relevant Work
        § 106.4    Past Relevant Work: Work Performed for Short Periods of Time
        § 106.5    Past Relevant Work: Job Training and Other Work Performed under Special Conditions
        § 106.6    Past Relevant Work: Work Performed More than Fifteen Years Prior to the Date of Adjudication
        § 106.7     Past Relevant Work: Work no Longer Available
        § 106.8     No Need for Vocational Expert at Step Four
        § 106.9    Need for Past Relevant Work to be SGA

    § 107     STEP 5: OTHER WORK
        § 107.1    Commissioner’s Burden to Establish Other Work
        § 107.2    Other Work: Need to Consider Combined Effect of Impairments
        § 107.3    Use of Medical-Vocational Guidelines, or “Grids”
        § 107.4    Effect of Borderline Age on the Application of the Grids
        § 107.5    Evaluation of Illiteracy
        § 107.6    Evaluation of Education
        § 107.7    Effect of the Inability to Speak English on the Application of the Grids
        § 107.8    Skill Levels of Jobs
        § 107.9    Transferability of Skills
        § 107.10    Application of the Grids to Younger Claimants
        § 107.11    Effect of Borderline Mental Capacity on the Application of the Grids
        § 107.12    Nonexertional Impairments and their Impact on the Application of Grids
        § 107.13    Inability to Perform the Full Range of Work and its Impact on the Application of the Grids
        § 107.14    Manipulative Limitations and their Effect on the Ability to Perform the Full Range of Sedentary Work
        § 107.15    Inability to Stoop and its Effect on the Ability to Perform the Full Range of Sedentary Work
        § 107.16    Need for Vocational Expert Testimony - Presence of Nonexertional Impairments
        § 107.17    Need for Vocational Expert Testimony - Inability to Perform the Full Range of Work
        § 107.18    Effect of the ADA on the Ability to Perform Other Work
        § 107.19    Significant Number of Jobs in the National Economy
        § 107.20    Need to be Able to Engage in Full-Time Work Activities
        § 107.21    Claimants Over Age 55 - Special Issues
        § 107.22    Application of the “Worn Out Worker” Regulation

§ 200    ASSESSMENT OF DISABILITY ISSUES

    § 201     MEDICAL IMPROVEMENT ISSUES
        § 201.1    Medical Improvement Standard
        § 201.2    Medical Improvement: Required in Closed Period of Disability Cases
        § 201.3    Medical Improvement: Effect of Participation in a Vocational Rehabilitation Program
        § 201.4    Failure to Seek Medical Treatment and its Impact on Medical Improvement
        § 201.5    Basis to Find Medical Improvement

    § 202     WEIGHT OF TREATING PHYSICIAN’S OPINION
        § 202.1    Regulatory Standard Regarding Weight of Treating Physician’s Opinion
        § 202.2    Treating Physician Rule by Circuits
        § 202.3    Factors Affecting Weight of Treating Physician’s Opinion
        § 202.4    Treating Physician’s Opinion Regarding Ultimate Issue of Disability
        § 202.5    Retrospective Opinion from Treating Physician
        § 202.6    ALJ’s Duty to Develop Evidence from Treating Physician
        § 202.7    ALJ’s Duties Regarding Consideration of Evidence from Treating Physician
        § 202.8    Need for ALJ to Provide Good Cause for Rejecting Treating Physician’s Opinion
        § 202.9    Basis to Reject Treating Physician’s Opinion
        § 202.10    Treating Therapist is an Acceptable Medical Source

    § 203     WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE
        § 203.1    The ALJ’s Duty to Weigh All the Evidence
        § 203.2    Weight of Uncontroverted Medical Evidence
        § 203.3    Evaluating the Weight of Any Medical Opinion
        § 203.4    Weight of Treating Physician v. Consulting Physician
        § 203.5    Weight of Treating Physician v. Non-Examining Physician
        § 203.6    Weight of the Non-Examining Reviewing Consultant
        § 203.7    Weight of Examining Physician v. Non-Examining Physician
        § 203.8    Weight of Specialist v. Non-specialist
        § 203.9    Retrospective Diagnosis by Physicians
        § 203.10    Weight of Recent Medical Evidence
        § 203.11    Rejection of Medical Opinion Which is Based on Symptomology
        § 203.12    Rejection of Physician’s Opinion Secured by an Attorney
        § 203.13    Weight of an Unsigned Medical Report from Consulting Physician

        § 203.14    Weight of Evidence from a Chiropractor
        § 203.15    Weight of Evidence from a Nurse Practitioner
        § 203.16    ALJ Cannot Substitute His or Her Opinion for Medical Expert’s Opinion
        § 203.17    Weight of Testimony of Lay Witnesses
        § 203.18    Weight of Evidence from a Podiatrist

    § 204     CREDIBILITY
        § 204.1    Need for Credibility Findings
        § 204.2    ALJ’s Credibility Findings Entitled to Deference
        § 204.3    Factors to Consider in Making Credibility Determinations
        § 204.4    Discrediting Testimony Based on Inconsistencies in the Record
        § 204.5    Discrediting Testimony Based on the Motives of Witnesses
        § 204.6    Lack of Medical Treatment and Credibility
        § 204.7    Work History and Credibility
        § 204.8    Daily Activities and Impact on Credibility
        § 204.9    Medical Regimen and Impact on Credibility
        § 204.10    Lack of Objective Medical Evidence and Credibility
        § 204.11    Credibility and Medical Opinion that Claimant is Exaggerating

    § 205     EVALUATION OF COMPLAINTS OF PAIN AND OTHER SUBJECTIVE
        SYMPTOMS
        § 205.1    Statutory and Regulatory Pain Standard
        § 205.2    Pain Standard by Circuits
        § 205.3    Application of the Pain Standard to Other Subjective Symptoms
        § 205.4    Pain Testimony Supported by Medical Evidence must be Afforded Great Weight
        § 205.5    Rejecting Subjective Complaints Based on the Lack of Objective Evidence
        § 205.6    Rejecting Subjective Complaints Based on Inconsistencies in the Record
        § 205.7    Rejecting Subjective Complaints Based on the Failure to Seek Medical Treatment
        § 205.8    Rejecting Pain Complaints Based on the Failure to Take Prescription Medication
        § 205.9    Rejecting Pain Complaints Based on Daily Activities
        § 205.10    Need to Provide Specific Reasons for Rejecting Pain Testimony
        § 205.11    Need to Consider Episodic Nature of Subjective Symptoms
        § 205.12    Need to Consider Side Effects of Medication in Evaluating Pain Testimony
        § 205.13    Effect of Failing to Provide Sufficient Reasons for Rejecting Pain Testimony
        § 205.14    Pain and Medical Opinion that Claimant is Exaggerating
        § 205.15    Need to Consider Non-Medical Evidence in Evaluating Pain
        § 205.16    Sit and Squirm Jurisprudence
        § 205.17    Need to Consider Psychological Basis for Pain Complaints

    § 206     COMBINATION OF IMPAIRMENTS
        § 206.1    Need to Consider the Combination of Impairments
        § 206.2    Effect of Failing to Consider One Impairment

    § 207     EFFECT OF OPINIONS OF OTHER AGENCIES ON DISABILITY DETERMINATIONS
        § 207.1    Effect of Disability Determinations of Other Agencies
        § 207.2    Effect of Receipt of Unemployment Compensation

    § 208     FAILURE TO FOLLOW PRESCRIBED TREATMENT
        § 208.1    Failure to Follow Prescribed Treatment as a Basis for Denial of Benefits
        § 208.2    Refusal to Follow Prescribed Treatment Must Be Willful
        § 208.3    Following Treatment Must Restore Claimant’s Ability to Work
        § 208.4    ALJ’s Duty to Investigate Reasons for Claimant’s Alleged Noncompliance with Treatment
        § 208.5    Inability to Afford Prescribed Treatment

    § 209     ONSET DATE       
        § 209.1    Establishing Onset
        § 209.2    Retrospective Opinion of Onset

        § 209.3    Need for a Medical Advisor if Onset Date is Unclear
        § 209.4    Need to Consider Other Evidence of Onset

    § 210     VOCATIONAL EXPERT (“VE”) TESTIMONY
        § 210.1    Purpose of VE Testimony
        § 210.2     Weight of Examining VE Evidence
        § 210.3    ALJ Must Pose a Complete Hypothetical Question to the VE
        § 210.4    Hypothetical Question Must Be Supported by the Record
        § 210.5    Effect of Incomplete Hypothetical Question
        § 210.6    Effect of Complete Hypothetical Question
        § 210.7    Need to Raise Issue of Incomplete Hypothetical Question to ALJ
        § 210.8    Mental Health Limitations and Their Impact on VE Testimony
        § 210.9    Need for VE to Testify Regarding Claimant’s Ability to Engage in Full-time Work
        § 210.10    Specific Vocational Preparation (“SVP”) as Set Forth in the DOT
        § 210.11    Language Skills Required to Perform Jobs as Set Forth in the DOT
        § 210.12    VE Testimony Which Conflicts with the DOT
        § 210.13    VE Testimony Which Relies on the ADA
        § 210.14    Effect of ALJ’s Mischaracterization of VE Testimony

    § 211     MEDICAL EXPERT TESTIMONY
        § 211.1     Need to Consider Medical Expert Testimony
        § 211.2     Use of Medical Expert Who Had Prior Connection with Claim
        § 211.3    Weight of Medical Expert’s Testimony

    § 212     CHILDREN’S SSI CLAIMS
        § 212.1    1996 Changes to Children’s SSI Disability Statute: Overview
        § 212.2    Effect of Changes to Children’s SSI Disability Statute on Applicants and Recipients
        § 212.3    Step 1: Substantial Gainful Activity by Children
        § 212.4    Step 2: Severity of Childhood Listing
        § 212.5    Step 3: Meeting a Childhood Listing
        § 212.6    Step 3: Medical Equivalency to a Childhood Listing
        § 212.7    Step 3: Functional Equivalency to a Childhood Listing
        § 212.8    SSI Children’s Claims: Marked Limitations in Two Domains
        § 212.9    SSI Children’s Claims: Cases Decided Under Old Law
        § 212.10    SSI Children’s Claims: Testimony of Parents
        § 212.11    SSI Children’s Claims: School Records
        § 212.12    SSI Children’s Claims: Evaluation of Adolescents

§ 300    SPECIFIC IMPAIRMENTS ISSUES

    § 301     ALCOHOLISM AND DRUG ADDICTION   
        § 301.1    Alcoholism and Drug Addiction: Effective Date of 1996 Legislation
        § 301.2    New Law: Alcoholism or Drug Addiction as a Material Contributing Factor
        § 301.3    Establishing Disability Based on Alcoholism under the Old Law
        § 301.4    Establishing Disability Based on Drug Addiction under the Old Law

    § 302     CARDIOVASCULAR IMPAIRMENTS
        § 302.1    Evaluation of Hypertension

    § 303     CHEMICAL SENSITIVITY IMPAIRMENTS

    § 304     CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME (CFS)
        § 304.1    CFS Is a Medical Determinable Impairment
        § 304.2    Evaluation of CFS
        § 304.3    CFS: Objective Findings Not Necessary
        § 304.4    Need to Consider Agency Policy in Evaluating CFS

    § 305     DIGESTIVE SYSTEM IMPAIRMENTS
        § 305.1    Evaluation of Crohn’s Disease
        § 305.2    Evaluation of Other Digestive System Impairments

    § 306     ENDOCRINE IMPAIRMENTS (EXCEPT OBESITY)

    § 307     FIBROMYALGIA
        § 307.1     Fibromyalgia is a Medically Determinable Impairment
        § 307.2    Fibromyalgia: Credibility of Complaints of Pain

    § 308     GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM IMPAIRMENTS  
        § 308.1    Evaluation of Urinary and Bowel Problems

    § 309     GROWTH IMPAIRMENTS (CHILDHOOD LISTINGS)

    § 310     HEMIC AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM IMPAIRMENTS

    § 311     IMMUNE SYSTEM IMPAIRMENTS
        § 311.1    Evaluation of AIDS/HIV Infection
        § 311.2    Evaluation of Lupus
        § 311.3    Evaluation Connective Tissue Disorders
        § 311.4    Evaluation of Hodgkin’s Disease
    § 312    MENTAL IMPAIRMENTS
        § 312.1    Claimant’s Burden to Establish Existence of Mental Impairment
        § 312.2    Duty to Develop Record Regarding Mental Impairments
        § 312.3    Severity of Mental Impairments - General
        § 312.4    Limitations Contained on Mental RFC Forms
        § 312.5    Required Completion of the Psychiatric Review Technique Form (“PRTF”)
        § 312.6    Evaluation of Organic Mental Disorders
        § 312.7    Evaluation of Psychotic Illnesses
        § 312.8    Evaluation of Affective Disorders
        § 312.9    Evaluation of Mental Retardation
        § 312.10    Evaluation of Anxiety
        § 312.11    Evaluation of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Deficit (“ADHD”) Disorder
        § 312.12    Validity of IQ Scores
        § 312.13    Evaluation of Mental Retardation in Children
        § 312.14    Evaluation of Somatoform Disorders
        § 312.15    Evaluation of Personality Disorders

    § 313     MUSCULOSKELETAL IMPAIRMENTS
        § 313.1    Evaluation of Arthritis
        § 313.2    Evaluation of Back Impairments under Listing 1.05
        § 313.3    Evaluation of Amputations
        § 313.4    Evaluation of Other Musculoskeletal Impairments

    § 314     MULTIPLE BODY SYSTEMS (CHILDHOOD LISTINGS)

    § 315     NEOPLASTIC DISEASES

    § 316     NEUROLOGICAL IMPAIRMENTS   
        § 316.1    Evaluation of Epilepsy
        § 316.2    Evaluation of Parkinson’s Disease
        § 316.3    Evaluation of Multiple Sclerosis
        § 316.4    Evaluation of Headaches
        § 316.5    Evaluation of Post Polio Impairments
        § 316.6    Evaluation of Strokes

    § 317     OBESITY LISTING
        § 317.1    Obesity Listing: Weight Requirements
        § 317.2    Obesity Listing: Accompanying Impairment Requirements

    § 318     RESPIRATORY IMPAIRMENTS       
        § 318.1    Evaluation of Asthma
        § 318.2    Evaluation of Other Respiratory Impairments

    § 319     SKIN IMPAIRMENTS

    § 320     SPECIAL SENSES AND SPEECH IMPAIRMENTS
        § 320.1    Visual Impairments
        § 320.2    Speech Impairments

§ 400    NON-DISABILITY ISSUES

    § 401     SOCIAL SECURITY INSURANCE BENEFITS: ELIGIBILITY ISSUES
        § 401.1    Quarters of Coverage - Generally
        § 401.2    Quarters of Coverage - Self-Employed Workers
        § 401.3    Amending Earnings Records
        § 401.4    Family Maximum
        § 401.5    Benefit Amounts
        § 401.6    Earnings Limits

    § 402     REDUCTION/SUSPENSION OF SOCIAL SECURITY INSURANCE BENEFITS
        § 402.1    Workers’ Compensation Offsets
        § 402.2    Reductions in Benefits due to Receipt of Federal, State or Local Pension
        § 402.3    Nonpayment of Benefits to Persons in Prisons
        § 402.4    Nonpayment of Benefits to Persons in Prisons: Vocational Rehabilitation Exception
        § 402.5    Social Security: Anti-Assignment Clause

    § 403     RETIREMENT BENEFITS
        § 403.1    Burden to Establish Retirement
        § 403.2    Fictitious Family Salary Arrangements

    § 404     BENEFITS FOR SPOUSES
        § 404.1    Spouse Relationship - Generally
        § 404.2    Spouse Relationship - State Law
        § 404.3    Deemed Valid Marriage   
        § 404.4    Divorced Spouses

    § 405     BENEFITS FOR CHILDREN
        § 405.1    Child Relationship - Generally
        § 405.2    Child Relationship - Dependency Requirement
        § 405.3    Child Relationship - State Inheritance Laws
        § 405.4    Child Relationship - Acknowledgment in Writing
        § 405.5    Child Relationship - Court Order of Paternity
        § 405.6    Child Relationship - Evidence of Paternity and Living with or Supporting Child
        § 405.7    Benefits for Adopted Children
        § 405.8    Benefits for Stepchildren
        § 405.9    Benefits for Grandchildren and Stepgrandchildren

    § 406     BENEFITS FOR PARENTS

    § 407     SSI ELIGIBILITY RULES
        § 407.1    Purpose of SSI Program
        § 407.2    Conditions of Eligibility - Generally
        § 407.3    Citizenship/Legal Residency Rules
        § 407.4    Age Requirement

    § 408     SSI INCOME RULES
        § 408.1    Definition of Income
        § 408.2    In-Kind Support and Maintenance - Generally
        § 408.3    In-Kind Support and Maintenance - Rental Subsidies
        § 408.4    Deeming of Income
        § 408.5    SSI Benefit Amounts
        § 408.6    SSI: Windfall Offset Provisions
        § 408.7    SSI: Anti-Assignment Clause
        § 408.8    Non-Payment of SSI Benefits to Persons in Institutions

    § 409     SSI RESOURCE RULES
        § 409.1    Definition of Resource
        § 409.2    Resource Exclusions - Generally
        § 409.3    Resource Exclusions - Trusts
        § 409.4    Resource Exclusions - Conservatory Accounts
        § 409.5    Resource Exclusions - Life Insurance

    § 410     OVERPAYMENTS
        § 410.1    Liability for Overpayments - Generally
        § 410.2    Liability for Overpayments - Representative Payees
        § 410.3    Waiver of Overpayments - Generally
        § 410.4    Waiver of Overpayments - Burden of Proof
        § 410.5    Waiver of Overpayments - Fault
        § 410.6    Waiver of Overpayments - Defeat the Purpose of the Act
        § 410.7    Waiver of Overpayments - Against Equity and Good Conscience
        § 410.8    Waiver of Overpayments - Credibility Determinations

    § 411     REPRESENTATIVE PAYEES
        § 411.1    Representative Payees - Generally
        § 411.2    Order of Preference in Selecting Payees
        § 411.3    Duties of the Representative Payee

§ 500    Administrative Review Issues

    § 501     FILING OF APPLICATION AND APPEALS    
        § 501.1    Need to File Application for Benefits
        § 501.2    Timing of Application
        § 501.3    Period of Time Effected by Application
        § 501.4    Duty to Advise Claimant of Need to File Application
        § 501.5    Timely Filing of Administrative Appeals

    § 502     RIGHT TO COUNSEL        
        § 502.1    Claimant’s Statutory Right to Counsel
        § 502.2    Waiver of Right to Counsel
        § 502.3    Need to Show Prejudice by Lack of Representation

    § 503     HEARING PROCEDURES
        § 503.1    Pre-hearing Procedures
        § 503.2    Right to Appear at a Hearing
        § 503.3    Notification of Issues at Hearing
        § 503.4    Nonadversarial Nature of Hearing
        § 503.5    Right to Subpoena - General
        § 503.6    Right to Subpoena and Cross-examine Those Who Submit Pre- hearing Reports
        § 503.7    Waiver of Right to Subpoena and Cross-examine Those Who Submit Pre-hearing Reports

        § 503.8    Consideration of Non-record Evidence
        § 503.9    Notice of Hearing Decision
        § 503.10    ALJ’s Duty to Follow Remand Orders

    § 504     ALJ’S DUTY TO DEVELOP THE RECORD
        § 504.1    ALJ’s Duty to Develop Record - General
        § 504.2    Heightened Duty When Claimant Not Represented by Counsel
        § 504.3    Heightened Duty When Claimant Has Mental Impairments
        § 504.4    Duty to Obtain All Pertinent, Available Medical Records
        § 504.5    Duty to Elicit Testimony from Witnesses
        § 504.6    Duty to Order Consultative Examination
        § 504.7    Duty to Consider the Side Effects of Medications

    § 505     CLAIMANT’S RIGHT TO EXAMINE POST-HEARING EVIDENCE
        § 505.1    The ALJ Is Permitted to Obtain Post-Hearing Evidence
        § 505.2    Right to Cross-examine Those Who Submit Post-Hearing Evidence
        § 505.3    Waiver of the Right to Subpoena and Cross-Examine Those Who Submit Post-Hearing Reports

    § 506     RES JUDICATA AND COLLATERAL ESTOPPEL
        § 506.1    Res Judicata
        § 506.2    Doctrine of Collateral Estoppel

    § 507     REOPENINGS
        § 507.1    Regulatory Basis to Reopen Prior Claims
        § 507.2    Good Cause for Reopening Prior Claims
        § 507.3    Faulty SSA Notices Warrant Reopening at Any Time

    § 508     ALJ BIAS     
        § 508.1    ALJ Must Afford Claimant a Full and Fair Hearing
        § 508.2    Need to Present Bias Claim Administratively
        § 508.3    If Bias Found, Case Should Be Heard by Different ALJ on Remand

    § 509     APPEALS COUNCIL REVIEW
        § 509.1    Timeliness of Requesting Appeals Council Review
        § 509.2    Scope of Appeals Council Review
        § 509.3    New Evidence Submitted to the Appeals Council
        § 509.4    Basis to Deny Appeals Council Review

§ 600    FEDERAL COURT ISSUES

    § 601     WAIVER OF RIGHT TO RAISE ISSUES
        § 601.1    Waiver: Failure to Raise Issues Administratively
        § 601.2    Waiver: Failure to Properly Raise Issues in Federal Court

      
    § 602    JUDICIAL REVIEW OF DENIAL OF REOPENING REQUEST
        § 602.1    Denials of Requests for Reopening Generally Not Subject to Judicial Review
        § 602.2    Exception to Reopening Rule: Claimant Raises a Constitutional Challenge
        § 602.3    Exception to Reopening Rule: ALJ Reconsiders the Evidence of the Prior Claim

    § 603     OTHER PROCEDURAL ISSUES
        § 603.1    Judicial Review of Dismissal of Claim by SSA
        § 603.2    Need to Exhaust Administrative Remedies
        § 603.3    Record on Appeal
        § 603.4    Law of the Case Doctrine
        § 603.5    Post Hoc Justification of Administrative Decision
        § 603.6    Benefits Pending Review
        § 603.7    The Circuit Law to Apply When the Claimant Moves
        § 603.8    Writs of Mandamus Against SSA
        § 603.9    Relationship Between Concurrent ADA and Social Security Claim

    § 604     FEDERAL COURT PRACTICE
        § 604.1    Timeliness of Filing Complaint
        § 604.2    Filing Federal Court Case In Forma Pauperis
        § 604.3    Appointment of Counsel
        § 604.4    Federal Court Memoranda Seeking Review of Commissioner’s Decision
        § 604.5    Oral Argument
        § 604.6    Filing Objections to Magistrate Judge’s Report & Recommendations
        § 604.7    Time Frames for Remand Proceedings
        § 604.8    Calculation of Federal Court Deadlines
        § 604.9    Parties to the Case
        § 604.10    Timeliness of Appeals
        § 604.11    Scope of Federal Court Review of Newly Submitted Evidence to Appeals Council

    § 605     TYPES OF FEDERAL COURT REMANDS
        § 605.1    Fourth Sentence Remands
        § 605.2    Sixth Sentence Remands

    § 606     REMANDS DUE TO NEW EVIDENCE
        § 606.1    Statutory Standard Set Forth in 42 U.S.C. § 405(g)
        § 606.2    Requirement That the Evidence Be “New”
        § 606.3    Materiality Requirement
        § 606.4    Good Cause Requirement

    § 607     REVERSALS FOR PAYMENT OF BENEFITS
        § 607.1    Reversal Warranted Where Entitlement is Clear from the Record
        § 607.2    Reversal Warranted Because Claimant’s Impairment Meets a Listing
        § 607.3    Reversal Warranted Because Commissioner Failed to Meet Burden of Proof
        § 607.4    Reversal Warranted Due to the Failure to Apply Correct Legal Standards

    § 608     SOCIAL SECURITY CLASS ACTION CASES
        § 608.1    State Disability Agencies Class Action Cases
        § 608.2    Other Disability Class Action Cases
        § 608.3    Non-disability Class Action Cases

§ 700    ATTORNEY’S FEES

    §701     Federal Court Fees Under § 406(b)
        § 701.1    Entitlement to Fees Under 406(b) - Generally
        § 701.2    § 406(b) Fees: Contingency Method of Determining Fee
        § 701.3    § 406 (b) Fees: Lodestar Method of Determining Reasonable Fee
        § 701.4    § 406 (b) Fees: Establishing Market Rates
        § 701.5    § 406 (b) Fees: Documentation of Time
        § 701.6    § 406 (b) Fees: Need to Explain Basis for Fee Award
        § 701.7    § 406 (b) Fees: Relationship with EAJA Fees
        § 701.8    § 406 (b) Fees: Timeliness of Fee Application
        § 701.9    Appellate Review of § 406(b) Fees

    § 702     Equal Access to Justice Act
        § 702.1    Purpose of the EAJA
        § 702.2    Duty to File for EAJA Fees
        § 702.3    EAJA: Prevailing Party Requirement
        § 702.4    EAJA: Substantial Justification Standard
        § 702.5    EAJA: Amount of Award — Hourly Rate
        § 702.6    EAJA: Amount of Award — Results Obtained
        § 702.7    EAJA: Amount of Award — Hours Claimed    
        § 702.8    EAJA: Documentation of Time
        § 702.9    EAJA: Fees for Law Clerk/Paralegal Time    
        § 702.10    EAJA: Costs Recoverable
        § 702.11    EAJA: Fees for Fees
        § 702.12    EAJA: Relationship with § 406(b) fees
        § 702.13    EAJA: Timeliness of Fee Application
        § 702.14    Appellate Review of EAJA Fees

§ 800    SOURCE OF LAW ISSUES

    § 801     Legal Authority: Social Security Regulations
    § 802    Legal Authority: Social Security Rulings     
    § 803    Legal Authority: POMS and HALLEX
    § 804    Legal Authority: Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT)

III. Issue Topics

Sequential Evaluation Process

    § 1103     The Definition of a “Severe Impairment”
    § 1104.5    Medical Equivalence to a Listing: The ALJ’s Responsibility to Obtain Medical Expert Opinion
    § 1105.1    Cases Citing on SSR 96-8p, Governing the Assessment of RFC in Initial Claims
    § 1105.2    Social Security Ruling 96-9p and the Erosion of the Unskilled Sedentary Occupational Work Base
    § 1105.8    Residual Functional Capacity: Impact of Sit/Stand Option on the Sedentary Work              RFC
    § 1105.9    Lack of an Updated or Any Residual Functional Capacity Assessment in the Record
    § 1106.4    Past Relevant Work: Work Performed for Less than Three Months
    § 1106.6    Past Relevant Work: Work Performed More than Fifteen Years Prior to the Date of Adjudication
    § 1107.4    Effect of Borderline Age on the Application of the Medical-Vocational Guidelines (“Grids”)
    § 1107.5    Effect of the Claimant’s Illiteracy on the Application of the Medical-Vocational Guidelines (“Grids”)
    § 1107.7    Effect of Inability to Speak English on the Application of the Medical-Vocational Guidelines (“Grids”)
    § 1107.11 Effect of Borderline Mental Capacity (IQ of 71-79) on the Application of the                  Medical-Vocational Guidelines (“Grids”)
    § 1107.14    Manipulative Limitations and their Effect on the Ability to Perform the Full Range of Sedentary Work
    § 1107.15    Inability to Stoop and its Effect on the Ability to Perform the Full Range of Sedentary Work
    § 1107.18    Effect of Americans with Disabilities Act Accommodation on the Ability to Perform Other Work
    § 1107.22    Application of the "Worn-Out Worker" Regulation

Assessment of Disability Issues

    § 1202.6     The ALJ’s Duty to Recontact the Treating Physician Pursuant to § 404.1512(e)
    § 1203.6    Weight of Non-Examining Reviewing Consultant
    § 1203.14    Weight of Evidence from a Chiropractor
    § 1203.15    Weight of Evidence from a Nurse Practitioner
    § 1205    Significant Reported Circuit Court Decisions Governing the Analysis of Subjective Complaints of Pain
    § 1207.1    Effect of Disability Determinations of Other Agencies
    § 1208.5    Failure to Follow Prescribed Treatment Due to the Inability to Afford Treatment
    § 1209.3    Onset Date: The Need for a Medical Expert if the Onset Date is Unclear
    § 1210.5    Incomplete Hypothetical Questions and their Effect on Vocational Expert (“VE”) Testimony
    § 1210.8    Limitations Contained on the Psychiatric Review Technique Form (“PRTF”) and their Impact on Vocational Expert Testimony
    § 1210.12    Vocational Expert Testimony Which Conflicts with the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (“DOT”)

Specific Impairments

    § 1301.1     Alcohol and Drug Addiction - Effective Date of the 1996 Legislation
    § 1301.4    Establishing Disability Based on Alcohol or Drug Addiction under New Law
    § 1303    Specific Impairments: Chemical Sensitivity and Environmental Illness and/or Limitation Cases
    § 1304    Specific Impairments: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
    § 1307    Specific Impairments: Fibromyalgia
    § 1311.2    Specific Impairments: Disseminated (Systemic) Lupus Erythematosus
    § 1312.5    Mental Impairments: Impact of the ALJ’s Failure to Complete Psychiatric Review Technique Form
    § 1312.9    The Required Severity of the “Other Impairment(s)” Under Listing 12.05 (C)
    § 1317    Specific Impairments: Meeting the Obesity Listing
    § 1317.1    Specific Impairments: the Effect of the Deletion of the Obesity Listing on                  Claimants Suffering from Obesity

Administrative Review Issues

    § 1505     Claimant’s Right to Cross-Examine Post Hearing Evidence - Consultant’s Report
    § 1508    ALJ Bias

Federal Court Issues

    § 1601     Waiver: Raising Issues Before the District Court that were not Raised Before the Appeals Council
    § 1603.5    Post Hoc Justification: No Monday Morning Quarterbacking Allowed

Attorneys’ Fees

    § 1702.7     Equal Access to Justice Act: Reasonableness of Number of Hours Claimed by Attorney

Source of Law

    § 1802     Legal Authority: Retroactivity of Social Security Rulings Issued in 1996
    § 1803.1    Legal Authority: Authority of HALLEX and POMS


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